What Causes Cat Scratch Itching
When a cat scratches or bites, its sharp claws and teeth break through the skin, causing minor trauma. This disruption of the skin barrier is one of the main reasons cat scratches itch (1). As part of the normal healing process, the body releases histamines that cause inflammation and itching around the wound (2). The scratch also introduces bacteria from the cat’s mouth into the skin, which can lead to a secondary bacterial infection that further aggravates itching and inflammation (3). Additionally, some people are allergic to cats and may experience an itchy rash from contact with cat saliva, a condition called cat-scratch disease (4). The itching sensation serves as a protective mechanism, signaling the body to protect the damaged area while it heals. However, excess itching can disrupt healing and lead to further irritation.
Sources:
(1) https://www.catster.com/guides/why-do-cat-scratches-itch-vet-answer
(2) https://blog.petwellbeing.com/have-you-ever-wondered-why-a-cat-scratch-itches-and-swells
(3) https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/cat-scratch-disease
(4) https://www.catster.com/guides/why-do-cat-scratches-itch-vet-answer
When to Seek Medical Attention
In most cases, a cat scratch will heal on its own without needing medical treatment. However, there are certain signs that indicate the scratch has become infected and requires medical attention:
– Redness spreading from the scratch site
– Swelling around the scratch
– Pus draining from the scratch
– Increased warmth around the scratch
– Red streaks going up the arm or leg from the scratch
– Swollen lymph nodes near the scratch
– Fever or chills
– Fatigue or body aches
– Headache
– Loss of appetite
These are signs of a spreading infection that requires evaluation by a doctor. Cat scratches can sometimes lead to bacterial infections of the skin and lymph system, known as cat scratch disease or cat scratch fever. Seeking prompt medical care is important if any of these infection symptoms develop after a cat scratch.
According to the CDC, cat scratch disease is curable with antibiotics if caught early (https://www.cdc.gov/healthypets/diseases/cat-scratch.html). Left untreated, more serious complications can occur. Contact your doctor right away if a cat scratch shows any signs of infection.
Home Remedies
There are several home remedies that can help relieve itching and promote healing for minor cat scratches. Applying a cold compress to the affected area can help reduce inflammation and itching. Wrap an ice pack or bag of frozen vegetables in a towel and apply to the scratch for 10-15 minutes a few times per day. The cold temperature constricts blood vessels and reduces swelling.
Aloe vera gel is an excellent home remedy for soothing itchy cat scratches. Aloe contains compounds like polysaccharides that have anti-inflammatory properties [1]. After cleaning the scratch, apply pure aloe vera gel daily and let it absorb into the skin. This can reduce redness and provide cooling relief from itching.
Oral antihistamines like diphenhydramine (Benadryl) can also help stop the itch of a cat scratch. Antihistamines block the action of histamine, a chemical released by the immune system during allergic reactions. Follow dosage instructions on the label for treating itchy skin [2].
Hydrocortisone Cream
Hydrocortisone cream is a topical steroid that can help relieve itching and inflammation from cat scratches. It works by suppressing the immune response that causes redness, swelling, and itching.
According to the VCA Animal Hospitals, hydrocortisone cream reduces inflammation by restricting inflammatory cells and suppressing the production of substances that cause an inflammatory reaction. This helps soothe the skin and provide anti-itch relief.
When applying hydrocortisone cream to a cat scratch, make sure to only use a small amount on the affected area 1-2 times per day. Only use for 5-7 days maximum to avoid side effects. While generally safe for cats, prolonged use can result in skin thinning and irritation. Check with your vet before using.
Hydrocortisone can provide fast-acting itch relief for mild cat scratches. Just be sure to monitor the area and discontinue use if irritation develops.
Antibacterial Ointments
Antibacterial ointments like Neosporin can help prevent infection and promote healing when applied to minor cat scratches. The antibiotics in the ointment combat bacteria and reduce risk of the scratch becoming infected. According to The Preventive Vet, Neosporin “contains three antibiotics (neomycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin B), which makes it very effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria that commonly infect wounds” (source).
However, some cats may be allergic to Neosporin, so use caution and monitor your cat’s reaction. It’s best to apply the ointment only to your skin or the scratch itself, not directly onto the cat. Antibacterial ointments can help prevent infection of minor scratches and promote healing, but talk to your vet if the scratch is deep, bleeding significantly, or shows signs of infection.
Anti-Itch Creams
Anti-itch creams can provide relief from itching caused by cat scratches. Some popular over-the-counter anti-itch creams include:
Benadryl Cream – This contains the active ingredient diphenhydramine, which is an antihistamine that blocks histamine receptors to reduce itching. Benadryl creams designed for humans can be safely used on cats in small amounts. Apply a thin layer on the affected area 1-2 times a day [1].
Pramoxine Cream – Pramoxine is a topical anesthetic that temporarily numbs the area to relieve itching and pain. Common brand names containing pramoxine include Anti-Itch Cream, Itch-X, and Sarna. Use sparingly and avoid ingestion [2].
Look for creams that contain natural soothing ingredients like oatmeal, aloe vera, and calendula. Avoid products containing harmful chemicals. Apply creams sparingly to minimize ingestion from licking. If itching persists more than a couple days or seems excessive, contact your veterinarian.
Oral Antihistamines
Antihistamines like Benadryl (diphenhydramine) can provide relief from itching caused by a cat scratch. Antihistamines work by blocking the release of histamine, which is a chemical that causes allergy symptoms such as itching. According to the PetMD website, Benadryl is safe for cats when given at the proper dosage instructed by your veterinarian. Typically, the dose is 1mg per pound given 2-3 times a day.
It’s important to consult with your vet before giving your cat any medication, as Benadryl can cause side effects like sedation and dry mouth. Your vet will advise you on the correct Benadryl dosage for your cat based on weight, medical history, and symptoms. Always follow your vet’s dosage instructions carefully.
While Benadryl is often effective for treating itchiness caused by allergies, it may only provide temporary relief for a cat scratch. Oral antihistamines like Benadryl are one option to help relieve itchiness, but other remedies may also be needed for a cat scratch. It’s ideal to use Benadryl under the supervision of your veterinarian along with other treatments to soothe the scratch and promote healing.
Sources:
https://www.dailypaws.com/cats-kittens/health-care/cat-preventative-care/benadryl-for-cats
https://www.webmd.com/pets/cats/what-to-know-about-antihistamines-for-cats
Hot and Cold Compresses
Applying hot or cold compresses to a cat scratch can provide relief from itching and inflammation. The temperature change stimulates the nerves around the scratch, blocking signals to the brain that cause itching. Compresses should be applied for 10-15 minutes at a time for the best results.
To make a hot compress, soak a clean washcloth in warm (not scalding) water, wring it out, and apply it to the scratch area. Reheat the washcloth as needed during the 15 minutes. The warmth helps increase blood flow and relaxes swelling and tense muscles. As per familydoctor.org, heat compresses may provide itch relief.
For a cold compress, place some ice cubes or a gel cold pack wrapped in a towel on the scratch. The cold constricts blood vessels, reduces inflammation, and numbs nerve endings. It’s best to alternate hot and cold treatments for maximum benefit. Always wrap compresses in a towel before applying to avoid skin damage.
While hot and cold compresses do not treat the root cause of itching, they offer fast home relief when a cat scratch is really bothering you. It’s a simple remedy worth trying before resorting to medications or seeing a doctor.
When to See a Vet
While most minor cat scratches can be treated at home, it’s important to monitor for signs of infection that require veterinary care. These include:
- Redness, swelling, warmth, or discharge around the scratch site – this indicates infection.
- Abscesses or draining wounds.
- Loss of appetite, lethargy, or changes in behavior – which could signal systemic infection.
- Persistent fever.
- Enlarged lymph nodes around the scratch.
- Difficulty breathing – potentially a sign of deep tissue infection.
- Symptoms lasting more than 3 days without improvement.
According to the CDC, cat scratches can sometimes lead to a bacterial infection called cat scratch disease. While rare, it’s important to watch for symptoms like prolonged fever, fatigue, headache, and swollen lymph nodes near the scratch. If you suspect any type of systemic infection from a cat scratch, visit your vet promptly for evaluation and treatment with antibiotics if necessary.
Preventing Future Scratches
There are several ways to help prevent your cat from scratching you in the future:
Trimming your cat’s nails regularly will blunt the tips and reduce scratching damage. Use cat-safe nail trimmers and take care not to cut the quick of the nail, which can be painful and cause bleeding. Only trim a small amount at a time until your cat is comfortable with the process.
Providing appropriate scratching posts and surfaces will redirect scratching urges onto acceptable areas. Scratching posts come in many materials but look for ones made of sisal, carpet, or cardboard that allow nails to hook and rip. Place them near furniture or areas your cat likes to scratch.
Consider using cat deterrent sprays, double-sided sticky tape, or other devices to make undesirable scratched surfaces unattractive. This provides negative reinforcement to curb scratching habits.
Training your cat not to scratch can take time and patience. Use treats and praise to reward desired scratching behavior on appropriate surfaces. Consider clicker training for better reinforcement. If your cat scratches you, give a loud “ouch” and ignore them for a bit to signal it’s unwanted.
While scratching is normal cat behavior, consistent training and redirection can prevent them from clawing you. Ultimately, it takes vigilance not to startle or overtly play with cats using your hands or feet, which they can interpret as an invitation to scratch. With time, you can curb scratching people altogether.